Flemish painter, Denis Calvaert (1857-1936), was a major figure in the history of art. Although born in Antwerp, he lived in Italy most of his life, where he was better known as Dionisio Fiammingo or Il Fiammingo. Besides being a brilliant painter, he also studied anatomy, history, architecture and history. His advanced colouring skills helped him achieve the evocative beauty of his works.

Although the Flemish painting of Antwerp influenced the art of Italy, he was most famous for his landscapes and architectural paintings. His work is found in numerous museums and churches, including the National Art Gallery of Bologna. Some of his works are in private collections and have been exhibited in Europe. Others have been reproduced in countless engraved prints. Many of these are in the National Art Gallery of Bologna.